Ulcerative colitis (large intestine inflammation)
About Ulcerative colitis (large intestine inflammation)
An inflammatory disease of the colon (large intestine) characterized by ulceration and episodes of bloody diarrhea. The inflammation begins in the rectum and spreads upward. The ulcerated areas become inflamed and may form small abscesses in the lining of the large intestine. The symptoms can be confused with an infection of the colon. The symptoms are recurrent. It is most commonly seen in women between the ages 15 and 40. There is an increased incidence of colon cancer associated with ulcerative colitis.Symptoms
Diarrhea, often with blood and mucous, crampy abdominal pain, fever, weight loss, rectal discomfort that leads to frequent visits to the bathroom.Tests & Diagnostics
A history and physical exam will be performed. The most common test to establish the diagnosis is colonoscopy. Blood work is done to look for anemia and markers of inflammation such as ESR and CRP. Abdominal CT scan be done to rule out complications of colitis.Prescription medications
Conventional treatment summary
The goal of therapy is to calm inflammation, which will help relieve symptoms, decrease attacks and allow the colon to heal. Treatment may include: hospitalization, corticosteroids, 5-aminosalicylates such as mesalamine (Asacol), immunomodulators (azathioprine/Imuran, 6-mercaptopurine/6-MP, and infliximab/Remicade). Surgery to remove the entire colon (total colectomy) may be necessary if the disease cannot be controlled with medication. This will cure the disease and remove the risk of colon cancer.Medical specialties
General Surgery · Gastroenterology · Internal Medicine · Pediatrics · Family Practice · Pediatric Gastroenterology
This page is educational content, not medical advice. Always consult a qualified clinician for diagnosis and treatment of Ulcerative colitis (large intestine inflammation).