Mitral valve prolapse

About Mitral valve prolapse

The mitral valve separates the upper and lower chambers on the left side of the heart (left atrium and left ventricle). The valve opens allowing blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle and then closes preventing blood from flowing backward. The mitral valve consists of two leaflets and prolapse occurs when these leaflets do not close properly and may allow some blood to backflow. It is more common in young to middle age women. Most people do not experience any symptoms. With severe prolapse, backflow of blood (mitral regurgitation) may cause symptoms.

Symptoms

Usually none. Palpitations and/or chest pain. With significant mitral regurgitation, shortness of breath, fatigue and decreased exercise tolerance may occur.

Tests & Diagnostics

A history and physical exam will be performed. An echocardiogram establishes the diagnosis. Other tests may be done depending on the symptoms.

Common tests: Cardiac catheterization, Complete blood count (CBC), Comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP), Echocardiogram, EKG, Troponin, Ultrasound, Chest X-ray.

Path 3 — Prescription Options

Prescription medications

Conventional treatment summary

Usually no treatment is necessary. Beta blockers can reduce palpitations. For severe mitral regurgitation, surgery will likely be needed to repair or replace the valve. For additional information contact the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute Health Information Center at: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov or call (301)592-8573

Medical specialties

Internal Medicine · Cardiology · Pediatrics · Family Practice · Pediatric Cardiology

This page is educational content, not medical advice. Always consult a qualified clinician for diagnosis and treatment of Mitral valve prolapse.