Iron overdose
About Iron overdose
Iron is a mineral and is found in many vitamin supplements particularly prenatal vitamins. Accidental and intentional ingestions can result in significant toxicity and death. This disorder is one of the leading causes of overdose deaths in children. Patients with an iron overdose initially experience gastrointestinal complaints such as vomiting and abdominal pain due to the corrosive effects of the iron.Symptoms
4 stages of symptoms: Stage 1: Vomiting, diarrhea, blood in the stools and abdominal pain, fainting, Stage 2: where symptoms resolve. Stage 3: low blood pressure, confusion, coma, breathing problems, seizures, fainting, death. Stage 4: liver failure, bleeding, confusion (from low blood sugar). Stage 5: nausea and vomiting (from intestinal obstruction due to scarring).Tests & Diagnostics
A history and physical exam will be performed. Iron levels will be measured. Other blood tests to measure the body's chemistry and acid base status will be performed. An X-ray can demonstrate undigested iron in the intestinal tract.Common tests: BHCG, Complete blood count (CBC), Comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP), EKG, Urinalysis (UA), X-ray.
Prescription medications
Conventional treatment summary
Treatment includes: intravenous fluids for dehydration, supportive care for gastrointestinal bleeding or shock, whole bowel irrigation to remove any undigested iron, and medications (such as deferoxamine or deferasirox) to reduce the iron levels in severe cases. For more information and help call your local poison center at 1-800-222-1222.Medical specialties
Medical Toxicology
This page is educational content, not medical advice. Always consult a qualified clinician for diagnosis and treatment of Iron overdose.