Primary dysmenorrhea (painful menstruation)

About Primary dysmenorrhea (painful menstruation)

Painful cramps during the menstrual period. Primary dysmenorrhea usually begins within a year or two of the first period (menarche) and recurs with each period. Fertility is usually not affected. The severity of symptoms is variable. Dysmenorrhea symptoms usually lessen after childbirth and on birth control pills.

Symptoms

Pain during menstruation, present in the lower abdomen, pelvis, or back. The pain can be debilitating.

Tests & Diagnostics

A history and physical exam will be performed. If symptoms are severe, an ultrasound or surgery (laparoscopy of the pelvis) might be done to look for another explanation.

Common tests: Complete blood count (CBC), Ultrasound.

Path 2 — Over-the-Counter Options

OTC sleep aids and supportive treatments

Path 3 — Prescription Options

Prescription medications

Conventional treatment summary

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications/NSAIDs (ibuprofen/Motrin or Advil, naproxen/Naprosyn) are the best treatment. Warm compresses (heating pad etc.) can improve comfort. Birth control pills, IUD (intrauterine device), other hormonal contraceptives generally cause symptoms to improve.

Medical specialties

Obstetrics and Gynecology · Family Practice

This page is educational content, not medical advice. Always consult a qualified clinician for diagnosis and treatment of Primary dysmenorrhea (painful menstruation).