Pemphigus
About Pemphigus
A disease in which a patient's own immune system attacks (autoimmune disease) their skin and mucous membranes (mouth and genitals). The outer part of the skin separates from the inner part of the skin in various places, causing blisters to form. These blisters can cause open sores and lead to skin infections. Rarely these infections can become serious. The disorder can occur at any age but is more common in the middle age group. There are three types of pemphigus. Pemphigus vulgaris is the most common type and affects the skin and mucous membranes. Pemphigus foliaceus only involves the skin. Paraneoplastic pemphigus involves the skin, and is associated with cancer.Symptoms
Blisters on the skin, in the mouth and on the genitals. If a skin infection occurs the patient will experience skin redness, skin swelling, increased warmth and pain.Tests & Diagnostics
A history and physical exam will be done. The Nikolsky sign is a test done in the office where the provider will apply skin pressure next to a blister. If the skin shears away over the blister this is a positive Nikolsky sign and suggests the patient has pemphigus. A skin biopsy can confirm the disease.Prescription medications
Conventional treatment summary
Treatment includes steroids and immunosuppressants. Both treatments quiet the overactive immune system, and prevent the body from attacking itself. If the disease is severe plasmapheresis may be done. Plasmapheresis is performed by removing the patient's plasma and replacing it with donor plasma.Medical specialties
Internal Medicine · Dermatology · Pediatrics · Family Practice · Pediatric Dermatology
This page is educational content, not medical advice. Always consult a qualified clinician for diagnosis and treatment of Pemphigus.