Facial trauma (injury)
About Facial trauma (injury)
Facial trauma can be penetrating (gunshot wound or stabbing) or blunt (motor vehicle accident or fall). The injury can result in fractures, nerve injury, eye injury, nasal injury or lacerations with bleeding. Fractures of the jaw cause decreased motion, and orbit fractures can result in impaired vision.Symptoms
Swelling, pain, impaired vision, decreased motion of the jaw, unmatched teeth upon biting down (malocclusion), bleeding, bruising.Tests & Diagnostics
A history and physical exam will be performed. X-rays or facial CT scan can define fractures. The CT scan is more sensitive in identifying some injuries, especially fractures.Common tests: CT Scan, X-ray.
OTC sleep aids and supportive treatments
Prescription medications
- Morphine Oral
- Tramadol
- Acetaminophen and Propoxyphene
- Fentanyl Buccal (Transmucosal)
- Acetaminophen and Codeine
- Hydrocodone
- Fentanyl Transdermal
- Hydromorphone Oral and Rectal
- Meperidine
- Oxycodone
- Etodolac
- Salsalate
- Tolmetin
- Indomethacin
- Sulindac
- Piroxicam
- Ketorolac
- Oxaprozin
- Diclofenac
- Celecoxib
- Ketoprofen
- Nabumetone
- Diflunisal
Conventional treatment summary
Depends on the injury but may include: none (with observation), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications/NSAIDs (ibuprofen/Motrin or Advil, naproxen/Naprosyn), pain medications such as acetaminophen (Tylenol), and/or surgery. Lacerations may require sutures. A tetanus shot may be needed if the last booster was more than 5 years ago.Medical specialties
Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) · Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
This page is educational content, not medical advice. Always consult a qualified clinician for diagnosis and treatment of Facial trauma (injury).