Basal cell carcinoma (skin cancer)
About Basal cell carcinoma (skin cancer)
A slow growing skin cancer that is caused from exposure to the sun. Basal cells are a type of cell in the skin and it is believed the sun damages the normal basal cells causing them to grow uncontrollably and become cancerous. This skin cancer is most often found on the neck, face, back and arms since these areas are exposed to the sun. Having fair skin and a family history of skin cancer also puts a patient at increased risk of this disorder. Protecting the skin from the sun with hats, clothing or suntan lotion is the best way to avoid getting this cancer. It is rare for this type of cancer to spread to other areas of the body (metastasize) but the tumor can do significant damage to local areas if it is not treated.Symptoms
The skin develops a pearly waxy bump. This bump may bleed easily, develop a crust, or turn into a small depression. The color may be white, pink or brown. Small blood vessels can sometimes be seen surrounding the bump. The skin changes can be subtle and only be slightly different than the normal surrounding skin.Tests & Diagnostics
A history and physical exam will be done. A skin biopsy is performed for any suspicious skin lesions. There are many different biopsy techniques and the procedure selected depends on the size and location of the skin lesion. The skin biopsy will be examined under a microscope to determine the diagnosis.Common tests: Skin biopsy.
Prescription medications
Conventional treatment summary
The treatment selected depends on the size and location of the cancer. The tumor can be removed by cutting out the affected skin (surgical excision). Another type of surgery called a Mohs procedure involves removing small amounts of skin and immediately examining it under a microscope to only take the amount of skin absolutely necessary. The Mohs procedure is most often used for larger cancers and those involving the face. The tumor can also be destroyed using electrodesiccation and curettage, freezing, and topical treatments. The most common medications used for topical removal are imiquimod and 5-fluorouracil.Medical specialties
General Surgery · Dermatology · Plastic Surgery
This page is educational content, not medical advice. Always consult a qualified clinician for diagnosis and treatment of Basal cell carcinoma (skin cancer).