Absence seizures (petit mal seizures)
About Absence seizures (petit mal seizures)
An absence seizure (petit mal) is related to an abnormal discharge of electricity in the brain. Normally, electrical signals in the brain flow in regular controlled pathways. In an absence seizure, the normal electrical pathways are disrupted, resulting in an abnormal discharge of electricity throughout the brain. This discharge results in a loss of consciousness for usually less than thirty seconds. During these episodes, the individual may appear dazed and unresponsive. The cause of the seizures is unknown in most cases but can be related to previous head trauma and infections such as meningitis and encephalitis. Symptoms usually begin between the ages of four and fifteen.Symptoms
Symptoms involve brief episodes when the individual is unresponsive and stares straight ahead. There is usually no confusion after the incident and the individual is often unaware that it occurred. Absence seizures may affect the ability to concentrate and adversely affect school performance.Tests & Diagnostics
A history and physical exam will be performed. The physical exam will focus on the nervous system of the body. Blood tests will be performed and the brain will be imaged by either a CT scan or MRI. Ultimately, an EEG will be performed to see if any areas of the brain are conducting electricity abnormally.Common tests: Complete blood count (CBC), Comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP), CT Scan, EEG, EKG, MRI, Urine tox screen.
Prescription medications
Conventional treatment summary
Several medicines are used to treat partial seizures. Some common medicines are ethosuximide (Zarontin) and valproic acid (Depakene, Depakote).Medical specialties
Neurology · Pediatric Neurology
This page is educational content, not medical advice. Always consult a qualified clinician for diagnosis and treatment of Absence seizures (petit mal seizures).