Gastrointestinal perforation (hole in intestine)

About Gastrointestinal perforation (hole in intestine)

A hole in the gastrointestinal tract, also called a perforation. The gastrointestinal tract begins at the mouth and includes the esophagus, small and large intestines, and ends at the anus. A perforation can develop anywhere along this path. Common causes include: ulcer, severe intestinal blockage, trauma, or cancer. It can be life threatening, and generally requires a surgical repair.

Symptoms

Severe abdominal pain, fever, nausea, vomiting, bloody stools, abdominal rigidity, abdominal bloating.

Tests & Diagnostics

A history and physical exam will be performed. Blood tests and imaging studies to identify the perforation will be performed. A CT scan is more accurate than a regular X-ray.

Common tests: BHCG, Complete blood count (CBC), Comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP), CT Scan, EKG, Lipase, Urinalysis (UA), X-ray.

Conventional treatment summary

Therapy depends on the location and severity of the perforation. Treatment includes: intravenous fluids, intravenous antibiotics, nasogastric tube insertion, hospitalization, and emergent surgical repair.

Medical specialties

General Surgery · Gastroenterology · Pediatric Surgery · Pediatric Gastroenterology

This page is educational content, not medical advice. Always consult a qualified clinician for diagnosis and treatment of Gastrointestinal perforation (hole in intestine).