Hirschsprung disease (pediatric large intestine dilation)
About Hirschsprung disease (pediatric large intestine dilation)
A birth defect and disease of infants in which nerve cells in the wall of the large intestine do not develop. These nerve cells control the muscle contractions of the intestines. Without proper muscle contractions (peristalsis) fecal material does pass through the intestines causing obstruction and dilation of the large intestine (colon).Symptoms
Failure to pass meconium shortly after birth, failure to pass a first stool within 24 - 48 hours after birth, poor weight gain, swollen belly, vomiting, watery, explosive, diarrhea (in the newborn), constipation.Tests & Diagnostics
A history and physical exam will be performed. Additional tests to establish the diagnosis may include: anal manometry (a balloon is inflated in the rectum to measure the pressure), barium enema, and/or rectal biopsy.Common tests: Complete blood count (CBC), Comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP), X-ray.
Conventional treatment summary
Treatment includes intravenous fluids, and surgical removal of the affected intestine.Medical specialties
Pediatric Surgery
This page is educational content, not medical advice. Always consult a qualified clinician for diagnosis and treatment of Hirschsprung disease (pediatric large intestine dilation).