Norovirus infection (Norwalk virus)
About Norovirus infection (Norwalk virus)
A viral infection that causes vomiting and diarrhea. It usually requires 24-48 hours for symptoms to occur after being infected with the virus (incubation period). The virus can be very contagious spreading through entire dorms or cruise ships. It generally resolves on its own, but can cause severe dehydration in the very young, very old and in those with already existing chronic diseases.Symptoms
Watery diarrhea, abdominal pain, abdominal cramping, nausea, vomiting. Symptoms begin 24-48 hours after exposure.Tests & Diagnostics
A history and physical exam will be performed. Tests that examine stool samples are used to identify the specific virus or rule out a bacterial cause. The body chemistry is measured to determine the severity of the dehydration.Common tests: Comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP).
OTC sleep aids and supportive treatments
Prescription medications
Conventional treatment summary
The goal of treatment is to prevent dehydration. Oral and/or intravenous hydration is administered depending on the severity of symptoms. Medications for nausea, vomiting and diarrhea may be prescribed. In severe cases requiring hospital care, body chemistry (electrolyte) abnormalities are corrected.Medical specialties
Internal Medicine · Pediatrics · Family Practice · Infectious Disease Medicine · Pediatric Infectious Disease Medicine
This page is educational content, not medical advice. Always consult a qualified clinician for diagnosis and treatment of Norovirus infection (Norwalk virus).