Peritonitis (abdominal cavity inflammation)

About Peritonitis (abdominal cavity inflammation)

Beneath the skin and muscle of the abdominal wall, the organs of the abdomen are covered by a lining called the peritoneum. Inflammation or infection of this lining is peritonitis. The most common cause is a rupture in the gastrointestinal tract. For example, a ruptured appendix can cause peritonitis. If untreated this can lead to an overwhelming infection and death.

Symptoms

Abdominal pain, tenderness, abdominal distention, fever, low urine output, nausea and vomiting, thirst, fluid in the abdomen, inability to pass feces or gas.

Tests & Diagnostics

A history and physical exam will be performed. The cause of the peritonitis can be determined using a CT scan, MRI or through direct examination at surgery.

Common tests: Complete blood count (CBC), Comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP), CT Scan, Lipase, MRI, Urinalysis (UA).

Conventional treatment summary

The cause must be identified and treated promptly. Treatment typically involves surgery and antibiotics.

Medical specialties

General Surgery · Pediatric Surgery

This page is educational content, not medical advice. Always consult a qualified clinician for diagnosis and treatment of Peritonitis (abdominal cavity inflammation).