Primary insomnia (difficulty sleeping)
About Primary insomnia (difficulty sleeping)
A sleep disturbance characterized by difficulty falling asleep, difficulty remaining asleep, intermittent wakefulness, early morning awakening or a combination of these. It is more common in the elderly. `Primary` insomnia is insomnia that does not have an identified cause. `Secondary` insomnia may be caused by anxiety from a life crisis or lifestyle change, medical or psychological problems or drug intake.Symptoms
Difficulty falling asleep, feeling tired, waking up several times during sleep. People who have primary insomnia tend to keep thinking about getting enough sleep. The more they try to sleep, the greater the sense of frustration and distress, and the more difficult sleep becomes.Tests & Diagnostics
A history and physical exam will be performed. Sleep studies may be done to rule out sleep apnea or other disorders causing the symptoms.OTC sleep aids and supportive treatments
Prescription medications
Conventional treatment summary
Behavioral changes can alleviate the disorder including: 1) avoiding caffeine, alcohol, or nicotine before bed, 2) don't take daytime naps, 3) eat regular meals and avoid large meals near bedtime, 4) exercise early in the day, 5) do not stay in bed if sleep does not occur in 10 minutes, 6) have a regular time to go to bed, 7) create a comfortable and quiet sleeping environment, and 8) use the bed only for sleep or sex. Medications (zolpidem/Ambien, zaleplon/Sonata, eszopiclone/Lunesta) can be prescribed for persistent insomnia.Medical specialties
Internal Medicine · Psychiatry · Pediatrics · Family Practice · Pediatric and Adolescent Psychiatry
This page is educational content, not medical advice. Always consult a qualified clinician for diagnosis and treatment of Primary insomnia (difficulty sleeping).