Spironolactone

Spironolactone is used to treat certain patients with hyperaldosteronism (the body produces too much aldosterone, a naturally occurring hormone); low potassium levels; and in patients with edema (fluid retention) caused by various conditions, including heart, liver, or kidney disease. Spironolactone is also used alone or with other medications to treat high blood pressure. Spironolactone is in a class of medications called aldosterone receptor antagonists. It causes the kidneys to eliminate unneeded water and sodium from the body into the urine, but reduces the loss of potassium from the body.

Spironolactone comes as a tablet to take by mouth. It usually is taken once a day in the morning or sometimes twice a day . Take spironolactone at around the same time(s) every day. Follow the directions on your prescription label carefully, and ask your doctor or pharmacist to explain any part you do not understand. Take spironolactone exactly as directed. Do not take more or less of it or take it more often than prescribed by your doctor. Your doctor may start you on a low dose of spironolactone and gradually increase your dose. Spironolactone controls high blood pressure and hyperaldosteronism, but does not cure these conditions.. It may take about 2 weeks or longer before the full effect of spironolactone occurs. Continue to take spironolactone even if you feel well. Do not stop taking spironolactone without talking to your doctor.

<p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p>Spironolactone may cause side effects. Tell your doctor if any of these symptoms are severe or do not go away:

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vomiting</li>
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diarrhea</li>
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stomach pain or cramps</li>
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dry mouth</li>
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thirst</li>
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dizziness</li>
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unsteadiness</li>
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headache</li>
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enlarged or painful breasts in men or women</li>
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irregular menstrual periods</li>
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vaginal bleeding in post-menopausal ('after the change of life', the end of monthly menstrual periods) women </li>
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difficulty maintaining or achieving an erection</li>
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deepening of voice</li>
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increased hair growth on parts of the body</li>
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drowsiness</li>
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tiredness</li>
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restlessness</li></ul></p> <p></p> <p>If you experience any of the following symptoms, call your doctor immediately:

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muscle weakness, pain, or cramps</li>
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pain, burning, numbness, or tingling in the hands or feet</li>
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inability to move arms or legs</li>
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changes in heartbeat</li>
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confusion</li>
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nausea</li>
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extreme tiredness</li>
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unusual bleeding or bruising</li>
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lack of energy</li>
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loss of appetite</li>
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pain in the upper right part of the stomach</li>
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yellowing of the skin or eyes</li>
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fever, sore throat, cough, chills, and other signs of infection</li>
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flu-like symptoms </li>
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cold, gray skin</li>
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rash</li>
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hives</li>
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itching </li>
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difficulty breathing or swallowing </li>
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vomiting blood</li>
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blood in stools</li>
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decreased urination</li>
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blurred vision</li>
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fainting</li></ul>If you experience a serious side effect, you or your doctor may send a report to the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) MedWatch Adverse Event Reporting program online [at <a href='http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch'>http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch</a>] or by phone [1-800-332-1088].</p>

Before taking spironolactone, tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to spironolactone; any other medications; or the ingredients in spironolactone tablets. Ask your pharmacist for a list of the ingredients. tell your doctor if you are taking amiloride (Midamor), potassium supplements, triamterene (Dyrenium). Your doctor may tell you not to take spironolactone if you are taking one or more of these medications. tell your doctor and pharmacist what prescription and nonprescription medications, vitamins, nutritional supplements, and herbal products you are taking or plan to take. Be sure to mention angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors such as benazepril (Lotensin), captopril (Capoten), enalapril (Vasotec), fosinopril (Monopril), lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril), moexipril (Univasc), perindopril, (Aceon), quinapril (Accupril), ramipril (Altace), and trandolapril (Mavik); aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDS) such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), indomethacin (Indocin), and naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn); barbiturates such as phenobarbital; digoxin (Digitek, Lanoxicaps, Lanoxin); diuretics ('water pills'); lithium (Eskalith, Lithobid); medications to treat high blood pressure; narcotic medications for pain; and oral steroids such as dexamethasone (Decadron, Dexone), methylprednisolone (Medrol), and prednisone (Deltasone). tell your doctor if you have kidney disease. Your doctor may tell you not to take spironolactone. tell your doctor if you have or have ever had liver disease. if you are having surgery, including dental surgery, tell the doctor or dentist that you are taking spironolactone. you should know that drinking alcohol with this medication may cause dizziness, lightheadedness, and fainting when you get up too quickly from a lying position. Talk to your doctor about drinking alcohol while you are taking spironolactone.

In case of overdose, call your local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222. If the victim has collapsed or is not breathing, call local emergency services at 911. Symptoms of overdose may include:

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drowsiness</li>
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confusion</li>
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rash</li>
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nausea</li>
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vomiting</li>
<li>
dizziness</li>
<li>
diarrhea</li>
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tingling in arms and legs</li>
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loss of muscle tone </li>
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weakness or heaviness in legs</li>
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confusion</li>
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lack of energy</li>
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cold, gray skin</li>
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irregular or slow heartbeat </li></ul>