H. pylori infection (helicobacter pylori)
About H. pylori infection (helicobacter pylori)
Helicobacter pylori is a bacterial infection that infects the lining of the stomach. It is spread from one person to another by contact with infected saliva or stool. The bacteria releases a toxin called Vac-a. This toxin along with the body's response to the bacteria results in inflammation of the stomach lining. Individuals may be asymptomatic while others develop symptoms related to gastritis or ulcers. Infection appears to be more common in Hispanics and African-Americans.Symptoms
The majority of patients with a H. pylori infection do not have symptoms. Others may experience symptoms related to stomach inflammation (gastritis) such as bloating, nausea, pain and heart burn. Others with more severe infections may experience symptoms related to ulcer formation such as blood in the stools, pain, nausea/vomiting, anemia and fatigue.Tests & Diagnostics
A history and physical will be performed. Blood and possibly imaging tests may be performed depending on the symptoms. Ultimately, the diagnosis will be made using a urea breath test, stool test or an endoscopic biopsy.Common tests: Complete blood count (CBC), Comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP), EKG, Lipase.
OTC sleep aids and supportive treatments
Prescription medications
Conventional treatment summary
Treatment is usually dependent on whether an individual has evidence of ulcer disease. Individuals who are asymptomatic are generally not treated although this may not always be the case and the physician may decide differently based on a patient's health history. The treatment usually involves the use of three medications for a period of 7 to 14 days. The usual medicines are a proton pump inhibitor (lansoprazole/Prevacid), amoxicillin or metronidazole, and clarithromycin.Medical specialties
Gastroenterology · Internal Medicine · Pediatrics · Family Practice · Pediatric Gastroenterology
This page is educational content, not medical advice. Always consult a qualified clinician for diagnosis and treatment of H. pylori infection (helicobacter pylori).