Pulmonary edema (abnormal lung fluid)

About Pulmonary edema (abnormal lung fluid)

Fluid in the air sacs (alveoli) of the lung. The fluid moves from the small blood vessels in the lung (capillaries) into the air sacs when there is damage to the lung, or if there is a backup of pressure from the heart. This fluid (edema) in the air sacs prevents normal oxygen exchange and if left untreated can be lethal. Common causes include: heart failure, heart attack, heart valve dysfunction, pneumonia, toxins, smoke inhalation (from a fire), kidney failure, high altitude exposure, or adverse drug reactions.

Symptoms

Shortness of breath, difficulty breathing, grunting or gurgling sounds with breathing, wheezing, increased shortness of breath with lying down (orthopnea), cough, anxiety, restlessness, excessive sweating.

Tests & Diagnostics

A history and physical exam with a stethoscope will be performed. A chest X-ray shows the fluid in the lungs. Other tests may include blood tests or an echocardiogram (ultrasound of the heart) to identify the cause.

Common tests: Complete blood count (CBC), Comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP), EKG, Troponin, Urinalysis (UA), X-ray.

Path 3 — Prescription Options

Prescription medications

Conventional treatment summary

The goal of treatment is to supply oxygen, remove the fluid build-up, and reverse the cause of the fluid. Oxygen is given through a face mask or through nasal `prongs.` In severe cases breathing may require use of a ventilator until the condition improves. Medications to reduce the fluid in the lungs include: diuretics and blood pressure control. The cause of the fluid buildup should be rapidly identified and treated. For additional information contact the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute Health Information Center at: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov or call (301)592-8573. American Lung Association: (800)586-4872 National Jewish Medical and Research Center: (800)222-5864

Medical specialties

Internal Medicine · Cardiology · Pulmonology · Family Practice · Pediatric Cardiology · Pediatric Pulmonology

This page is educational content, not medical advice. Always consult a qualified clinician for diagnosis and treatment of Pulmonary edema (abnormal lung fluid).