Hiatal hernia

About Hiatal hernia

Part of the stomach protrudes upward into the chest, through an opening in the diaphragm. The diaphragm is the muscle separating the chest from the abdomen and is used for breathing. The hiatal hernia can allow acid to enter the esophagus causing pain and ulceration of the esophagus.

Symptoms

A hiatal hernia may cause no symptoms. However, chest pain, pain with swallowing, belching, and heartburn (gastro-esophageal reflux disease, GERD) are common.

Tests & Diagnostics

A history and physical exam will be performed. An EGD (esophagogastroduodenoscopy), or CT scan may be helpful to confirm the diagnosis although a hiatal hernia can often be seen on a routine chest x-ray.

Common tests: CT Scan.

Path 2 — Over-the-Counter Options

OTC sleep aids and supportive treatments

Path 3 — Prescription Options

Prescription medications

Conventional treatment summary

Treatment includes: proton pump inhibitors (omeprazole/Prilosec, pantoprazole/Protonix), H2 blockers (cimetidine/Tagamet, ranitidine/Zantac), and/or antacids. It is recommended to avoid eating just prior to lying down to sleep, and raising the head of the bed to prevent acid from entering the esophagus. Surgery is performed for persistent and severe cases.

Medical specialties

Gastroenterology · Internal Medicine · Pediatrics · Family Practice · Pediatric Gastroenterology

This page is educational content, not medical advice. Always consult a qualified clinician for diagnosis and treatment of Hiatal hernia.