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Evidence

23,295

trials · metas · refs

Plus 6,743 TCM formulas connecting herbs together

Subject Type: 🌿 Herbs ⚗️ Ingredients 📜 Formulas 🧬 Targets 🏥 Diseases

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⚗️ Ingredient

Hydroquinone

Open on HERB 2.0 ↗

Clinical Trials

Meta-Analyses

PubMed References

Top Conditions Studied with Hydroquinone

Melasma 5 Hyperpigmentation 1 Facial Melasma 1 Skin Pigmentation 1 Picoseconds Laser|Melasma 1 Photoaging 1

📋 Sample Trials

NCT02095990

Efficacy and Safety of a 4% Hydroquinone Cream for the Treatment of Melasma

Completed · Phase 3

NCT03049059

A Comparative Study for Efficacy and Safety Between 4% Hydroquinone Cream With or Without Fractional Picosecond 1,064 nm Laser for the Treatment of Dermal or Mixed Type Melasma

Completed · Phase 2

NCT03982849

Comparison of Topical Silymarin With Hydroquinone in the Treatment of Melasma

Completed · Phase 2

📊 Sample Meta-Analyses

None linked yet.

📚 Sample References

PMID 34200499

Hydroquinone Exposure Worsens Rheumatoid Arthritis through the Activation of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and Interleukin-17 Pathways

Antioxidants (Basel) · 2021

PMID 34204067

Hydroquinone Induces NLRP3-Independent IL-18 Release from ARPE-19 Cells

Cells · 2021

PMID 35346662

Hydroquinone destabilizes BIM mRNA through upregulation of p62 in chronic myeloid leukemia cells

Biochem Pharmacol · 2022

⚗️ All Ingredient data fields for Hydroquinone

⚗️ Identity

Name

Hydroquinone

Aliases / Synonyms

123-31-9; Benzene-1,4-diol; 1,4-benzenediol; Quinol; 1,4-Dihydroxybenzene; p-Benzenediol; p-Hydroquinone; p-Hydroxyphenol; 4-Hydroxyphenol

🧪 Chemistry

Molecular Weight

110.1120

LogP

1.0978

Drug-likeness

0.491

Oral Bioavailability

29.2590

H-Bond Acceptors

H-Bond Donors

🔬 Structures

Canonical SMILES

C1=CC(=CC=C1O)O

Isomeric SMILES

C1=CC(=CC=C1O)O

InChIKey

QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChI

InChI=1S/C6H6O2/c7-5-1-2-6(8)4-3-5/h1-4,7-8H

🔗 External References

HERB DB

HBIN029685 ↗

PubChem CID

785 ↗

CAS Number

57534-13-1 ↗

NPASS

NPC65517

HIT

C0130

SymMap

414

TCMID

9739

TCMSP

MOL000579

TCM-ID

3654

🔍 Raw view — every non-empty column on this row (34 fields)

name

Hydroquinone

common names

123-31-9; Benzene-1,4-diol; 1,4-benzenediol; Quinol; 1,4-Dihydroxybenzene; p-Benzenediol; p-Hydroquinone; p-Hydroxyphenol; 4-Hydroxyphenol

herb ingredient id

HBIN029685

canonical smiles

C1=CC(=CC=C1O)O

isomeric smiles

C1=CC(=CC=C1O)O

inchi

InChI=1S/C6H6O2/c7-5-1-2-6(8)4-3-5/h1-4,7-8H

inchikey

QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

mol wt

110.1120

num h acceptors

num h donors

mol logp

1.0978

num rotatable bonds

drug likeness

0.491

ob score

29.2590

cas id

57534-13-1

symmap mol id

414

tcmid ingredient id

9739

tcmsp ingredient id

MOL000579

tcm id ingredient id

3654

pubchem cid

785

npass id

NPC65517

hit id

C0130

🏥 Linked Health Topics

2 · studied for these conditions (text bridge)

📋 Clinical Trials

10 · subject of clinical study

NCT02095990 Efficacy and Safety of a 4% Hydroquinone Cream for the Treatment of Melasma

→ Facial Melasma

NCT03049059 A Comparative Study for Efficacy and Safety Between 4% Hydroquinone Cream With o

→ Picoseconds Laser|Melasma

NCT03982849 Comparison of Topical Silymarin With Hydroquinone in the Treatment of Melasma

→ Melasma

NCT04345094 Evaluation of Hexyresorcinol vs Hydroquinone for Photoaging

→ Photoaging

NCT04597203 Efficacy and Safety of Using Combination of 755-nm Picosecond Alexandrite Laser

→ Melasma

NCT04875715 Prospective Evaluation of Topical Almond Oil vs Hydroquinone

→ Skin Pigmentation

NCT03751163 Oral Tranexamic Acid and Topical Hydroquinone in the Treatment of Melasma

→ Melasma

NCT05511948 Randomized and Open Label Study for Safety and Efficacy of DBI-102 vs. Vehicle v

→ Hyperpigmentation

NCT05969587 Cysteamine Compared to Hydroquinone in Melasma

→ Melasma

NCT05887219 Comparison of Azelaic Acid 20 % Cream Versus Hydroquinone 4% Cream as an Adjuvan

→ Melasma

📚 PubMed References

3 · cited research

PMID 34200499 Hydroquinone Exposure Worsens Rheumatoid Arthritis through the Activation of the

Antioxidants (Basel)

PMID 34204067 Hydroquinone Induces NLRP3-Independent IL-18 Release from ARPE-19 Cells

Cells

PMID 35346662 Hydroquinone destabilizes BIM mRNA through upregulation of p62 in chronic myeloi

Biochem Pharmacol

How relationships are computed

Clinical Trials / Meta-Analyses / References: direct foreign-key link via subject_entity_id (Phase 2d wireup)
Formula ↔ Herbs: text bridge via formulas.herbs_in_pinyin matching herbs.pinyin_name
Herb ↔ Ingredient: empty — needs HERB_herb_ingredient import
Ingredient ↔ Target: empty — needs HERB_ingredient_target import
Target ↔ Disease: empty — needs HERB_target_disease import
Herb → Target → Disease (full chemical spine): awaiting Phase 2e link tables